Election Integrity

LEADERSHIP

America is the world leader in Democracy, advocating a Government that represents the Will of the People rather than Bureaucrats. Yet, Americans distrust the integrity of elections(55%); one-third(32%) of Americans continue to believe that Joe Biden’s victory in 2020 was due to voter fraud. As a result, Americans overwhelmingly support Voter ID 62% among Democrats, 87% among independents, and 91% among Republicans ^{[1], [2]}. Voter IDs and in-person voting are required in almost every other country in the world ^[16]

Democrat and Republican leaders (including Presidents Biden, Trump, Obama, Clinton and Carter) agree that significant voter fraud exists, and conclusively impacted the outcome of elections ^{[17], [18]}.

CURRENT ELECTION PROCESS INTEGRITY ISSUES

The United States voting system is a fraudulent activist's paradise. Examples include:

• Grossly - and purposely - out-of-date voter registration rolls ^{[4], [30], [31], [32], [33]}
• Totally inadequate signature or other verification on mail-in ballots
• Harvesting ^{[3], [15]} and buying votes, gifts, services, "help" voting ^[20] , (purchased) overwhelming political communication, ...
• Private partisan funds "helping" meet the needs of election departments
• Woefully inadequate affidavit statement omits critical eligibility language
• Ineligible votes counted (relocated, dead ^[27], underage, non-citizen ^{[21], [22], [28]}, felon, adjudicated mentally incapacitated, surrogate, fictitious, ...)
• Gross security holes - shared accounts and passwords, chain of custody, no validation required for claim of citizenship, ...
• Recurring long wait times to vote, often impacting "selected" population segments ^{[35], [36], [37], [38]}
• Eligible voters finding somebody has already voted on their behalf, or having their ballots discarded ^[26]
• Persons voting more than once
• Electronic systems and adjudication processes vulnerable to hacking/changing vote results and registration information ^[34]
• Significant administrative errors, gaffs and outright fraud/cover-up actions, with no accountability ^{[24], [25], [30]}

The election process in a nutshell

Following is a top level description of the proposed election process. No details are provided, to keep it simple; for details, see the remaining sections of this web page.

Unlike our current fraud-prone Voter Registration system that is filled with obsolete entries that are not purged, if you are eligible to vote then it is not a question of IF you are registered to vote, but simply in WHICH JURISDICTION you are registered to vote.

What you get: Irrefutable documentation of who voted, what they voted, and validatable tabulation of the result. Bank grade security. Simple voter procedures, using processes they are already familiar with.

The cornerstone of the solution can be summed up by these concepts:

• Voter Account - this is like your bank account, only it shows your vote history for every election you have voted. You can compare your ballot image
  ×

  

  with how the vote was interpreted and recorded
  ×

  

  , and see your picture taken at the polling place
  ×

  

  - irrefutable evidence of who voted and what was voted.

   

  The Voter Account is also where the voter maintains their profile (address, citizenship, etc.)
  × Note that certain profile updates (address, citizenship, etc.) still require further validation before final acceptance. Other changes (preferred language, email, phone number, etc.) are verified by the user to prevent unauthorized change.
  and where they indicate their intent to vote
  ×

  

  in an upcoming election.

• Transaction-based - like your bank account, nothing is ever deleted. The current status is shown (address, citizenship, felonies, marriage, etc.) but history is always retained. Voters don't magically appear/disappear anymore. Also like banks, as a security feature any time your profile is updated you are notified by email or text (e.g., confirmation that you voted, your address changed, your email changed, etc.) so that you can validate the update was proper, or report unauthorized changes.

• Who, what, when, where, why, which machine, CRC - recorded on every transaction. Every action is accountable.

• Sequential - every transaction on each machine is tagged with a sequence number, 0, 1, 2, 3, ... Tampering with transactions (add/delete/skip/duplicate) is immediately alarmed.

• Participation - only authorized people and machines may contribute to any election. If you're not on the authorized participant list for the role you're attempting, you don't play.

Because of 2020 General Election fraud, rigging and irregularities, many State Legislatures are passing new laws to clarify and ensure that future elections are protected and that they stay under State Legislature control. New laws may require things such as:

One Day • One Vote • In Person • Photo ID Required • Paper Ballots
Precinct Polling • No Machines • No Ballot Harvesting • No Mass Ballot Mailings
No Zuckerbucks • No Out-of-State Candidate Funding • Currency Grade Ballots

Each one of these are excellent measures to increase Election Integrity.

We embrace the above actions, but loopholes still exist that require elimination. The areas requiring shoring up are addressed here including Accountability, Convenience and Confidence.

• Accountability
• 
  Registration - no longer will "ghost" persons - obsolete entries for people who have moved, died or are fictional - remain active in the Voter Registration system. In order to receive a ballot to vote the "live" voter must affirm their current address and eligibility to vote to receive a ballot
  × Since voters confirm their address and certify that they have no disqualifying factors (felony, adjudicated mentally incompetent, etc.) there will no longer be the excuse "I didn't know" ^{[1], [3]}. Likewise, voters can keep their contact information (email, phone number, etc.) up-to-date to ensure timely communication, and to alert them of attempts by unauthorized persons to change their registration information without their knowledge.
• 
  Evidence - you have probably noticed that despite hundreds of thousands of illegal ballots being cast in the 2020 General Election, only a handful of individuals have actually been prosecuted
  × As noted in the Problem Statement section above, in the 2020 General Election in Maricopa county Arizona 230,000 ballots whose signatures did not match the voter's signature, 10,500 ballots that were cast by illegal immigrants, thousands of Wisconsin mentally incompetent nursing home residents "voted", and 380,000 ballots were fraudulently harvested in five swing states. All of these ballots were counted
  . This is because all the criminal simply has to say is "it wasn't me" that cast the vote or "I didn't know it was illegal"
  × These prosecutions are prohibitively costly to prosecute, and also lead to politicians who favor weak election integrity charging that money should be spent prosecuting the "real" crimes ^{[1], [4]}. As a result almost every crime goes unprosecuted even when compelling inconsistencies are evident.
  . There is a lack of irrefutable evidence with which the person(s) committing the crime can be prosecuted. This solution provides that a Vote ID Record
  ×

  

  - their photo, photo ID and affidavit they signed when voting - be captured with each vote cast, providing irrefutable evidence when an illegal vote was cast, and who cast that vote. Future bad actors will be prosecuted promptly.
• 
  Loopholes - lack of basic best practices by State election authorities (shared accounts and passwords, chain of custody) has resulted in cover-up of fraudulent practices, again with the "it wasn't me" defense because there is no irrefutable audit trail. This gap is addressed by the explicit recording of who, what, when, where, why, which machine and CRC for each and every election action from initial setup/registration of personnel and machines to finalization of results and forensic audit. Sloppy administration can no longer be used to cover-up fraudulent activities.
• 
  Voter Convenience

• Short Wait Times - voters should carefully consider their vote decisions utilizing candidate debates, candidate position statements and other materials. This is best done at home whenever convenient, where resource materials are available, and where there are no time pressures. If done on-site at the polling place, the time spent there and the delays will be huge.

  This solution is that voters bring their completed ballots to the precinct, run them through the tabulator, sign the affidavit, have their photo and fingerprint taken, and be on their way in less time than a grocery store checkout line.

• Flexibility - in the future voters will be able to vote at any polling station of their choice. If on vacation, at school, closer to work, etc. votes may be cast anywhere it is convenient. The air-tight and accountable system correctly counts each vote.
• 
  Voter Confidence
• 
  My Vote - currently voters just have to take for granted that their vote made it into the system and was correctly counted. Under this solution the voter receives a text message and email as they exit the polling station with a link to their online personalized Voter Account where they can view the actual paper ballot
  ×

  

  they just cast, verify that the tabulator machine correctly interpretedd
  ×

  

  the marks on their ballot, and see the Vote ID Record
  ×

  

  - their photo, photo ID and affidavit they signed when voting. Voters for the first time will have confirmation that their vote was not thrown away, and was properly counted.
• 
  Convictions - voter fraud will inevitably be found. Unlike in the past, when it is found it will not be overlooked. Prosecution will be easy and swift because the evidence collected when the vote is cast and when administrators take actions will be completely documented and irrefutable. The cost of litigation will be minimal due to the air-tight case for the wrongdoing. The illegal vote(s) will be withdrawn from the count. With strong enforcement actions voters will now be confident that their legal vote was not canceled by an illegal vote or action.
• 
  Sequential - votes are not just counted. They are accounted for. Every transaction on each machine is tagged with a sequence number, 0, 1, 2, 3, ... Tampering with transactions (add/delete/skip/duplicate) is immediately alarmed. Voters are assured no funny business is going on - foreign or domestic.
• 
  Time Stamped - every transaction is automatically time stamped. No more mysterious moments when suddenly 800,000 votes appear out of nowhere. No more magical moments when a single machine processes 10,000 ballots in under a minute. Voters are assured the count is on the up-and-up, verified by forensic audit.
• 
  Location Stamped - every transaction is automatically stamped with the GPS location where the transaction occurred. Cheaters, foreign or domestic, will be unable to predict a machine's location to hide their crimes. Voters are assured there is no horseplay going on.
• 
  Whole Votes - fractional votes, which created a fraud opportunity, are no longer.

PROPOSED ELECTION PROCESS REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS

The United States voting system has been shown to be easily subject to large scale fraud and therefore must undergo a significant overhaul to eliminate the clever and innovative fraud schemes that are possible in the modern electronic age. Following are the requirements of the new system:

• Air-tight voter registration system
• Ballot mailed to every registered voter who requests it by the ballot request deadline
• Voters should mark their ballots at home based on review of candidate position statements, policy proposals, debates, etc.
• Voters will bring their completed ballots to the polling station
• In-person voting only – at their local polling station
• Positive identification, validation and documentation of the person casting each ballot
• Future: vote at ANY polling station in the United States plus selected worldwide locations (e.g., large military installations), regardless of precinct
• Wait time to vote less than a grocery store checkout line
• Air-tight real-time vote tabulation, validation, reporting and auditability
• Voter Account that validates how their vote was cast
• Swift and sure prison time for voting fraud

In the United States, State Legislatures have jurisdiction over the voting process. However, states need to agree to a loosely Federated minimal set of commonality to eliminate voting fraud:

• Adopt a common Voter ID Number such as the existing Social Security Number (SSN)
• Adopt a common electronically readable paper ballot format that contains Election identification, precinct identification and vote results
• Adopt a common Vote ID Record content and format that provides irrefutable documentation of the person casting a vote
• Accept a common National Vote Database into which registration, precinct, tabulator, vote and Vote ID Records are captured and reported in real-time (see National Vote Database in the Appendix)

Under this solution the Infrastructure - people and machines - and their role - how they are permitted to participate - are meticulously spelled-out and reauthorized for each and every election, and permanently documented. If you're not on the authorized participant list for the role you're attempting in the election under consideration, you don't play. Thus, for every election:

• Every person is reauthorized for each role they will play
• Every machine is reauthorized for each role it will play
• Every ballot image design in every language in every jurisdiction is reauthorized

Recognizing that all state legislatures may not initially buy-in to the high integrity process, initiate the new system in a coalition of like-minded states. Upon proof of the effectiveness of the new system, incrementally roll-out to additional States as their legislatures approve. In the interim, election results gathered under these processes will be provided to roll-up results from other individual State election systems to provide a National report of election results.

State Control

None of the preceding loose Federation cooperation shall be construed as relinquishing ANY constitutional State control over elections. States must constantly be watchful for ANY Federal takeover of ANY facet of election processes, and States may opt-out of these processes at any time they feel the processes are not meeting election integrity goals.

1. Register all SSNs in a Voter Registration Database
• Comprehensive list of all Citizens, potentially eligible to vote
• Populate with address, birthdate, language, photograph and signature (from official State MVD records), etc.
• Pre-tag with known dispositions e.g. dead, Felons, adjudicated mentally incompetent, non-citizen temporary worker, etc.
• Establish Voter Account for showing Vote history, and for requesting election ballots (See Voter Account in Appendix for details)
2. Establish a deadline date by which eligible voters must indicate their intent to vote and request a ballot for the upcoming election.
3. When an upcoming election date is approaching, notify voters by various means (mail, email, text, TV, etc.) to login to their Voter Account to indicate their intent to vote
• Click Register intent to vote button
• Verify all details (address, email, phone, etc.) are still current
• Click Confirm intent to vote button
• A brief summary will be provided to remind the voter of the upcoming voting process
4. Following the ballot request deadline
• Perform a final validation of voter information to reveal recent deaths, jurisdiction changes, convictions, stolen identities, etc. utilizing trustworthy sources such as the Social Security Administration, Melissa ^[3], Motor Vehicle Department, etc.
• Lock the voter registration tables for new registrations in the National Vote Database
• Create an audit copy of the voter registration tables in the National Vote Database
• Query the National Vote Database to create the list of voters in each precinct who have requested ballots
• Mail ballots appropriate to the voter's precinct and language, marked "Do Not Forward"
5. All undeliverable ballots shall be promptly returned to the sending authority, and that voter's registration marked as Inactive and tagged "Undeliverable address".

Note: If the Biden administration implements planned use of Facial Recognition technology with the IRS, consideration should be given to incorporating this technology into the Voter Registration Database.

Prior to going to the polling place in-person to cast their vote each voter will receive and fill out their ballot at home

• Voters should carefully consider their vote decisions utilizing candidate debates, candidate position statements and other materials as appropriate, then mark their ballot for each office from Dog Catcher to President.
• The materials should instruct voters to pre-read and understand the Voter Certification that they will be required to sign at the polling station, to verify they are legally eligible to vote and can sign the Voter Certification.
• The materials should prepare the voter by walking them through the new voting process
• Vote anywhere you desire
• Ballot submission to Tabulator
• Voter Certification printing and signature
• Photograph and fingerprint
• Creation and retention of the Vote ID Record
• Ability to login to their Voter Account immediately after voting to confirm their vote was correctly tabulated
• etc.
• The voter should be referred to online video walk-throughs of the voting process, as well as Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
• Remind voters to bring their completed ballot and Photo ID to the polling place on election day, inside their mailing envelope so that their vote cannot be spied on.

At a time of the voter's choice during the voting period each voter takes their completed ballot in-person to ANY polling location of their choice nationwide (or select worldwide locations) to cast their vote. Persons in college, serving in the military, working remotely, etc. will all be accommodated.

In addition to fixed polling stations, it is proposed that Mobile in-person polling stations be deployed, placed in popular public places such as shopping center parking lots, on a rotating basis. The date/location/hours of Mobile polling stations should be widely communicated on media, and highly visible signage should be on the station itself. Facilities that agree to host Mobile polling stations should be encouraged to provide free support as a public service.

At the polling station the in-person process for casting a vote is as follows:

1. Arrival time of voter is logged
2. Voter presents completed paper ballot to the poll official
3. Poll official submits ballot to machine tabulation
• Voter enters Voter ID Number and Voter Account Password
• Voter ID Number is validated to ensure the voter is eligible to vote and has not already voted
• Tabulation machine prints the Interpreted Vote Result
  ×

  

  and Voter Certification
  ×

  

  for review
• Voter validates that the tabulation machine has correctly interpreted the voter’s intent; correct and resubmit if necessary
4. Voter signs the Voter Certification
   ×

   

   in the presence of the poll official
5. Voter presents their Photo ID and signed Voter Certification to the poll official
6. Poll official verifies the voter matches the Photo ID image and the signature on the Voter Certification matches the signature on the Photo ID
7. Poll official captures the Vote ID Record
   ×

   

• Instructs voter on photograph standards (identical to Passport standards ^[1])
• Remove eyeglasses and head coverings, except for religious or medical purposes and with a signed statement.
• Directly facing camera with a neutral expression, eyes clearly visible
• Instructs voter on placing their right index finger on the fingerprint capture device
• Places the Photo ID and signed Voter Certification on the camera station
• Positions the adjustable camera to photograph the voter's face
• Instructs voter to capture the Vote ID Record by pressing their right index finger on the fingerprint capture device
• Verifies that the Vote ID Record meets quality standards; redo if necessary
8. Poll official submits the vote artifacts to the National Vote Database in real-time
• Encrypted Ballot Image
• Encrypted Vote Result
• Encrypted Vote ID Record
9. The printed Vote Result and signed Voter Certification are retained by the voter
10. Departure time of voter is logged - utilized for real-time problem detection, and retained for post-election wait time analysis
11. The voter departs the polling place in less time than is required to checkout at the grocery store
12. As the voter departs the polling place they receive a text message and email with a link to their Voter Account where they can view the paper ballot
    ×

    

    they just cast, view how the paper ballot was interpreted
    ×

    

    , and see their Vote ID Record
    ×

    

    .

Polling station personnel shall retain all ballots cast at that polling station in accordance with the following process:

The common National Vote Database shall:

• Accept encrypted vote records from polling stations worldwide in real-time
• Place the encrypted Vote Result into a repository
• Place the encrypted Ballot Image into a repository
• Place the encrypted Vote ID Record into a repository
• Decrypt the Vote Result and:
  • Place the Vote Result into the voter's Voter Account for immediate access/validation of their vote
  • Place the Vote Result into the common National Vote Database for real-time results reporting
• Place the encrypted Batch Reports into a repository
• Place the encrypted Ballot Box Reports into a repository
• Place the encrypted Final Reports into a repository
• Place the encrypted Tabulator Machine Final Reports into a repository
• Report vote results in real-time
• Provided with as much granularity, and summaries, as are needed
• Provided to news outlets, internet systems, precincts, Local, State and Federal levels as appropriate
• Record and securely archive vote result snapshots every 60 seconds
• Provide read-only access to news outlets, internet systems, auditors, and other interested parties as requested for a minimum of 22 months after the election
• Make the Ballot, Batch, Box and Final Reports available to rigorously validate and detect integrity issues with vote reports

The State Record Retention Centers shall:

• Receive paper ballots in boxes from all polling stations within their State
• Validate that all boxes have been received, and follow-through on any missing or anomalous boxes
• Retain paper ballots for a minimum of 22 months or longer if required by court order
• Make paper ballots and electronic tabulator machines available as required for forensic audit
• Ensure secure disposal (shredding, incineration, etc.) after all retention requirements have expired

Pallet Report

Voter fraud will inevitably be found. Examples of clear cases include:

• Voting multiple times, possibly in different precincts or states
• Two voters using the same Voter ID Number (at least one is a fraud)
• Non-citizen, underage, fictitious person, dead people

The action taken shall be to leave the vote record in the common national database - but flagged as illegitimate and not counted. The database shall contain a record pointing to the details surrounding the illegal vote.

The purpose of voting is to reflect the Will of the People. Whenever an individual, or especially activists, cheat the result is the Will of the People being supplanted by the will of the Activist or wealthy financier backing the cheating.

Voter fraud must be strongly discouraged. Punishment must be swift and sure. Utilizing the Vote ID Record, an air-tight legal case and irrefutable voter identification should ensure violators will be caught and punished.

Knowing that political activists will reimburse any financial penalties:

• Punishment for voting fraud should be only prison time – at least two years, non-negotiable. No exceptions. No “hardship” cases.
• Violators should also become ineligible to vote in any future election
• Illegal immigrants should be immediately deported. No exceptions. No “hardship” cases.

Political activists who enable voting fraud must also be penalized. The operatives that carry out the coordination of fraudulent activities (financing operations, enlisting participants, establishing schemes, etc.) should be punished the same as the person(s) who actually commit the fraud. In addition the financial backers should receive severe financial penalties, as their actions amount to thwarting the Will of the People. The financial penalty should be as follows:

• Net worth up to $1 Million: no financial penalty
• Net worth $1 Million to $9 Million: seize 50% of assets in this range. For example, net worth of $7 Million would have $3 Million in assets seized.
• Net worth over $9 Million: all assets greater than $5 Million would be seized.

Seized assets should be utilized for future Voting System enhancements, forensic audits, and for promoting use of the Voting System by other Democracies worldwide.

Click the graph to see an enlarged image:

The purpose of the National Election Database is to ensure that the Will of the People, as indicated by the votes they have cast, is correctly reflected by the candidates that are elected to office. Unfortunately there are bad actors out there both domestically and internationally. Political activist operatives are Hell-bent on inflicting their will on others by any means necessary. Vote fraud is just one of many ways of subverting the Will of the People. This requires extraordinary measures to ensure the Will of the People is protected. The pertinent voting system design requirements are documented herein.

Ultimately, the goal for development of this system is that it could readily be deployed to any election in any democracy worldwide that desires a high integrity vote result.

In the United States there are almost 175,000 precincts that utilize over 230,000 polling places. Each ballot may contain provision for election of federal, state and local officials as well as referendums. Ballots may have custom rules such as "vote for up to two". Each registered voter address is assigned to a specific precinct. Precincts range in size from 400 - 3,000 registered voters. Because ballots are sometimes issued in multiple languages, there are many more unique ballot configurations than precincts.

An estimated 160 million people will vote in a United States National election. If election is restricted to a single day and polls are open 12 hours, the processing capacity will need to accommodate an average of more than 3,700 votes/second. Because the United States is spread over six timezones and peaks will be before and after work hours, the flow of votes will not be steady. In order to better handle the capacity it is recommended that voting be permitted over a period of days rather than a single day.

If, in the future, additional States or Democracies decide to use the Election System the essential design should be able to remain unchanged.

The National Vote Database system has the controls built-in that guarantee that we will know, for each action:

• Prior to permitting any process to start, rigid validation that the action was Permitted
• Who took the action
• What action was taken
• When the action was taken
• Where the action was taken
• Why the action was taken
• On What Machine the action was taken - reference or attach the authorizing document
• Calculated integrity check value

All election-related machines will be connected via a bank-grade Virtual Private Network (VPN) for strong security. We MUST use the strong/unbreakable encryption methods used by terrorists to hide their activities from authorities.

The above controls will permit the Forensic Audit (see Forensic Audit section) process to see exactly how the election results progressed and confirm - without a doubt - its validity.

Finally, when it is discovered that an illegal vote has been cast, the system permits knowing exactly how to find and retract the illegal vote.

Many people are concerned about a Federal takeover of elections - and rightly so. That's not what this proposed National Vote Database is. This is a set of plans for like-minded States that agree to a loosely Federated minimal set of commonality to eliminate voting fraud. States are not relinquishing ANY constitutional State control over elections, and States may opt-out of these processes at any time they feel the processes are not meeting election integrity goals. The following describes how control over election data integrity is accomplished.

Minimum Table Content

The National Vote Database consists of many linked tables that together guarantee the accuracy of the vote. Each entry into every database table shall as a minimum contain the following:

1. Account ID of the person creating the entry
2. Election ID
3. Machine ID creating the entry
4. GPS Location of the Machine creating the entry
5. UTC timestamp of the entry
6. Reason for the entry
7. Status of the entry: Active, Superseded or Inactive
8. Entry Version number
9. CRC Value

Additional minimum fields required for each database are identified on the attached spreadsheet

Database Transaction Rules

Like your bank, investment or credit card account, the National Vote Database is transaction-based. This means that each and every action - addition, modification, or obsolescence - is permanently recorded - never modified or removed. The latest entry, or "Version", reflects the cumulative result of all the previous transactions. It is therefore simple to follow the audit trail to find exactly how the final result was achieved. And, because no transaction can be removed, no entry will magically appear or disappear. The specific strict database integrity rules are as follows:

1. No database entry, once entered, shall ever be removed or altered, except for its Status field
2. Baseline database entries shall be identified version 0 (zero). Updates shall be identified sequentially as version 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.
3. Each database entry shall be assigned a status of Active, Superseded or Inactive. The latest version shall be assigned a status of either Active or Inactive
4. If a database entry requires update the previous version shall be marked Superseded or Inactive, then the new version placed into the database
5. When a new database entry is made, only the previous version's status shall be updated; older version statuses shall never be altered
6. Every database version shall contain a reason for that version e.g., baseline entry, address change, name change, deceased, felony conviction, redistricting, etc.
7. Every database version shall reference the authority for the entry e.g., birth certificate ID, marriage certificate ID, Naturalization ID, death certificate ID, conviction reference, etc.
8. If a database version is marked Inactive, an account with administrative privileges shall be required to enter a new version. This should be a rare occurrence, in cases such as:
1. Overturn of Felony conviction
2. Addition of a subsequent Felony conviction
3. Death of a Felon
4. Reversal of an adjudicated mentally incompetent decision

Database List

The following databases shall be maintained by the National Vote Database:

Registration

Machine Registration

List of all current and historical Machines, by Machine ID and Machine MAC Address, permitted to provide data to the National Vote Database. Each entry shall identify the specific Election ID, Registration, Vote or Design tasks for which participation is approved.

Machine Account Registration

List of all current and historical machine Accounts, by Machine ID and Account Name, permitted to provide data to the National Vote Database. Each entry shall identify the specific Machine ID, Account Name, Accountholder Information (Name, Address, Citizenship, Phone, Email, etc.), and tasks (Registration, Vote Design, etc.) for which participation is approved.

Election Registration

List of all current and historical Local, State and Federal Elections for any Democracy, by Election ID, supported by the National Vote Database

Voter Registration

List of all potentially eligible current and historical Voters, by Voter ID Number, supported by the National Vote Database. Includes all information required to determine eligibility to vote in ANY election such as address, date of birth, citizenship, disqualifying events, etc.

Ballot Design

A Ballot Design Definition, by Ballot Design ID, for every ballot utilized by any election supported by the National Vote Database. See the Ballot Design section for details.

Machine Access

List of all current and historical account Login and Logout actions, by Machine ID, Account Name, Timestamp and specific task (Election ID, Registration, Vote or Design, etc.) for which the user logged in.

Ballot Image

Encrypted high resolution images of all current and historical ballots, by Election ID and Voter ID Number, retained for 22 months after completion of the election.

Vote ID Record

Encrypted images of all current and historical Vote ID Records, by Election ID and Voter ID Number, retained for 22 months after completion of the election.

Vote Result

Raw vote result data for all current and historical elections, by Election ID and Voter ID, retained for 22 months after completion of the election. See the Ballot section for details.

Ballot Batch Report

Aggregated raw vote result data for all current and historical elections, by Election ID and Ballot Batch ID, retained for 22 months after completion of the election. Ballot Batch Reports are utilized for integrity/cross-checking of election results. See the Ballot section for details.

Ballot Box Report

Aggregated raw vote result data for all current and historical elections, by Election ID, Ballot Box ID and Ballot Batch ID, retained for 22 months after completion of the election. Ballot Box Reports are utilized for integrity/cross-checking of election results. See the Ballot section for details.

Polling Station Final Report

Aggregated raw vote result data for all current and historical elections, by Election ID, Polling Station ID, Ballot Box ID and Ballot Batch ID, retained for 22 months after completion of the election. Polling Station Final Reports are utilized for integrity/cross-checking of election results. See the Ballot section for details.

The ballot for every precinct in every language utilized in every election will be unique. Therefore, each ballot design will contain a Ballot Design ID, permitting tabulator machines to access Ballot Design Definition information in the National Vote Database that will allow it to interpret the voter's intent. The content of a typical ballot and its use for interpreting the ballot is as follows:

For illustration only. Styles and locations may vary.

Voter Account

The Voter Account is similar to a Bank Account except that is shows the Voter's historical voting record. Here's how it works:

• When the National Vote Database is established a Voter Account is created for all SSNs, with an initial password
• Accounts for unassigned SSNs, deceased, underage, foreign workers, felon and adjudicated mentally incompetent persons are created but labeled Inactive
• Within "n" days eligible voters should login, change the password, and enter their Profile to confirm their details such as address, language and date of birth
• If there is an error, provision is made to submit corrections.
• When there is an upcoming election in which the voter is eligible to vote, voters are notified by various means (mail, email, TV, etc.) to login to their Voter Account to register their intent to vote
• Enter Profile
• Verify all details (address, email, phone, etc.) are still current
• Click Register intent to vote button
• Receive summary information/instructions about the upcoming election
• Click Done to complete the process, then Log Out
• Immediately after voting the voter can login to their Voter Account, view an image of the ballot they submitted, and confirm their vote was interpreted and counted correctly. In addition to their current vote, their historical votes may be viewed as well.

Here's how a typical Voter Account might look. Click the pointer next to a Completed Election for a live demonstration:

A draft Vote ID Record is a printout of the Vote Result, voter details, Voter Certification and polling station details. The voter reviews the draft and, if they meet the Certification requirements, sign the Certification.

The final Vote ID Record consists of a composite photograph of:

1. The voter's name, ID and address
2. The signed Certification
3. Polling station details (Election ID, location, time, tabulator details, etc.)
4. The voter's Photo ID
5. The voter's fingerprint
6. The voter's photograph

A representative sample is shown below in light grey:

• Top section (not photographed) is checked by the voter to confirm the vote was tabulated correctly
• Voter signs the certification
• Composite signed Certification, Photo ID, fingerprint capture and live photograph of the voter become the final Vote ID Record

Voter Name: Jelane Sample
Voter ID Number: 123-45-6789
Address: 123 Main Street, Anytown, USA 99999

I hereby certify under penalty of law:

• I am a United States citizen, age 18 or over
• I live at the address indicated above
• I am not ineligible to vote due to felony conviction, mental incapacity…etc.
• This is the only vote I have cast, and will cast, in this election
• I understand the penalty for voter fraud is…

Election ID: 2020 USA General Election
Time of vote: 11/03/2020 5:47 pm PST (2020-11-03T13:47:22.473Z UTC)
Polling location: Mytown School (GPS 33.974002, -117.374109)
Ballot Design Definition: 20201103-USAGE-USAZZ-LD17-USAEN
Tabulator machine ID: 10-F0-05-40-F3-21
Tabulator machine Sequence Number: 419

Actual Voter Certification must be simple, and requires legal review

Candidate equipment that could be used to capture the voter Fingerprint and Photograph are shown in the Polling Site Preparation section.

Polling stations should have two queues:

1. Voters who have completed their ballots and are ready to have them tabulated
2. Voters who have not filled out their ballots, who need to make corrections, or who have questions

The station where the vote is collected will need to have:

• A background for photographs that is similar to Passport standards ^[1]
• A plexiglass health shield (if required)
• A stand-up height table for signing Certifications
• A stand-up height place for the fingerprint capture device
• A fixture that conveniently holds and aligns the Photo ID (driver license, passport, etc.), the signed Voter Certification, and masks the Vote section of the tabulator printout to ensure it is not photographed
• Yellow footprint decals on the floor to indicate where the voter should stand for their photograph

Instructions should be generously placed throughout and outside polling stations that will refresh voters with the voting process. As a bonus, video instructions could be made available.

Equipment
Following is candidate equipment that could be used to create the Vote ID Record:

Fingerprint	Voter Photograph	Footprints
Digital Fingerprint Reader HID model 88003-001-S04	Handheld Digital Camera Logitech model 960-000585	Removable adhesive footprint decals LiteMark Yellow Footprints

Digital devices have a USB interface, and are compatible with PCs. These are only examples; actual implementation TBD.

Voters will inevitably make mistakes, or change their minds. In-person voting makes the process for correcting issues easy, on-the-spot, and verifiably correctly adjudicated. The process is as follows:

• First, polling sites will have available adhesive stickers that can be carefully placed over a Mark (oval, arrow, etc.) that the voter wishes to have removed.
• Place one of these stickers over the Mark that is to be removed from the vote
• Have the voter place their initials next to the sticker indicating acknowledgment of the change.
• Have the voter Mark the selection that is now desired, if applicable

In cases where the error is discovered when the ballot is tabulated (i.e., overvote, or voter review discovers a mistake), the voter should be asked to step over to the "corrections" area where a polling helper can assist with the update. When finished, return to the voting queue. The goal is to avoid holding up the voting queue while a voter is making corrections or re-deciding the vote they want to cast.

Election resources that are expended on unnecessary or low priority tasks dilute the time and attention that can be devoted to more important tasks. As a result, the following non-essential tasks shall be eliminated from requirements:

1. Eliminate corner cases that can reasonably be accommodated by other methods
• Names of Write-in Candidates shall not be recorded, as the candidate will likely never be elected. The fact that there WAS a write-in candidate will be recorded; only the effort to record the name will be omitted. Exceptions may be made if there are NO candidates on the ballot, or if there are extenuating circumstances
• Missing Ballots: A person who has indicated their intent to vote may have damaged or lost their ballot, and persons who are overseas may have to send images of their ballots to be tabulated. In these cases the voter shall be required to visit, or submit their vote, at their a their assigned precinct. This will avoid the need to print ballots on demand for any precinct. Local precincts will be able to stock extra blank ballots for that precinct to accommodate missing ballots.
• Large Image Ballots are sometimes offered to accommodate vision impaired voters. This is a nice convenience, but in reality vision impaired people must often deal with "normal" printed documents, and likely regularly use solutions such as magnifying glasses to meet their needs. In the Maricopa county Arizona 2020 general election 475 such ballots (0.024%) were received. It is recommended that vision impaired voters use their "normal" method of dealing with a Standard Ballot Format and the extra expense of dealing with this small population not be expended.
• Braille Ballots are sometimes offered to accommodate blind voters. In the Maricopa county Arizona 2020 general election 29 such ballots (0.002%) were received. It is recommended that blind voters be asked to obtain a trusted person (probably an assistant or caretaker that already routintly provides assistance) to aid them in completing a Standard Ballot. and the extra expense of dealing with this very small population not be expended.
2. Stupid Voter Rule: If the tabulation machine cannot correctly interpret the ballot because the voter marked it incorrectly (e.g., instead of filling an an oval they checked, circled, "X"ed the oval, etc.) then the "misread" of the ballot shall be ignored. The voter may elect to fix the error, but will be returned to the end of the line to make the correction.
3. Political activists will undoubtedly object to the above "cruel" and "suppressing" recommendations. We suggest that the response is simple - insist on a consistent approach. For example, if activists argue that the above restrictions will violate the voter's right to a secret vote, then all nursing home persons who are physically unable to fill-out a ballot themselves in secret must be disallowed from voting simply because their secret vote would be violated. The same answer would apply to persons with missing limbs.

Design and implementation of Forensic Audit processes shall proceed in parallel with development of Election System processes. Audit topics shall include:

1. An automated process run upon lockdown of the Voter Registration Database to check for:
• Known stolen Voter ID Numbers
• Excessive Voter ID Numbers at the same address
• Invalid addresses (e.g., vacant lot, business address)
• Dead people, underage, felons, adjudicated mentally il, non-citizen, etc.
• Presence of one and only one Active entry for each Active voter, and that this entry is for the highest Version number
2. Automated processes shall be run continuously throughout the election period that monitor and validate:
• Only authorized machines are communicating with the National Vote Database
3. Automated processes shall be run regularly that validate rules compliance, including:
• Records contained in databases start at Version 0 (zero) and proceed sequentially thereafter with no gaps
• No ballot is accepted for any Inactive voter
• No voter voted twice or more in any jurisdiction
• Batch Reports account for all individual ballots
4. Post-mortem processes shall be run at the conclusion of the election that validate:
• All voters that indicated their intent to vote actually voted. Provide a list of voters that failed to vote, to contact to determine if their vote had been discarded, or they simply did not vote.

America must re-think its voting privilege.

Here's why.

The Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 launched the War on Poverty ^[1]. This was a well-intended program that started with Federal benefits of $803 per person in poverty in 1965 and grew to $22,735 per person in 2020. That totals $90,939 for a family of four even though the Poverty Threshold for such a family is $26,496 (1965 figure is adjusted to 2020 dollars) ^{[2], [3]}. Thus, spending for these families has even exceeded the median household income of $67,521 in 2020 ^[4]. As usual, Government bloat on steroids...and these benefits are mostly tax-free, don't include the individual's earned income, and don't even include State, Local and Charitable program spending.

These facts call for immediate legislation to establish a Means Test for voting in the United States. The rationale:

• When we work for an employer we are compensated for our contributions to the company. The better we perform, the more we contribute, the more valuable we are to the company, the higher our compensation.
• As an employee we don't get to vote for a pay raise. That is something we have to earn.
• In the same manner, a standard should be established for voting for public officials. A standard such as, our contribution to the Government via taxes (sales, FICA, Medicare, self-employment, property, etc.) must exceed the amount received directly from the Government (welfare, child support, food stamps, subsidies, etc.) in order to be eligible to vote.
• As in the case of an employee, voters should not be able to vote more "free stuff" for themselves just because they want it, taxed from others to be redistributed to them.
• Officials should not be elected based on their willingness to redistribute increasingly more "free stuff". Instead, officials should be elected who will enact policies that will benefit the country (common defense, general welfare).

The above recommendation complies with the letter and the spirit of the Constitution. The goal is to encourage and welcome everyone to enjoy the dignity and satisfaction of contributing to society, helping others, and enjoying the fruits of their labor. For those choosing to freeload, elected officials need to recognize that able-bodied persons who make this choice should also be allowed to accept the result.

Won't Election Integrity suppress votes?

By now the Liberal Left has identified just about everything on God's green Earth as suppressing the vote of people of color. The number of hours in a day. Today's humidity. The speed of light.

It's time to include people of color in the American community and get on with Election Integrity. The goal of Election Integrity is to ensure the Will of the People is reflected by those who are elected to represent them. Knowing that there are bad actors both Foreign and Domestic, reasonable controls are necessary to ensure there is no cheating. Absence of those controls ensure the bad actors control election outcomes.

Not everyone can vote in person. Are they excluded from voting?

Agreed that some people cannot vote in person. Military personnel, students away from home, nursing home residents, hospital patients, people on vacation, people without transportation, etc. may be impacted.

However, under the proposed solution votes can be cast at ANY polling station nationwide and at select locations such as large military installations worldwide. The voting period would also be for a number of weeks, during which time many people will have been at home. Thus, even most of the cases listed above would not be prevented from voting in person.

So, let's agree to focus on the big picture - a solution that will work for 99.9% of eligible voters. Given that unified starting point, we'll work together to solve the 0.1% corner cases.

Election results cannot be trusted if election machines are connected to the internet.

Baloney. Your bank, investment and credit card accounts are connected to the internet and controls are in place to ensure they are correct to the penny. Bad actors certainly attack these systems, but audits and security detection features monitor for cheating.

The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced almost everyone to online shopping. Billions of transactions are safely and securely completed each day.

Some jurisdictions will insist that ballots be hand counted rather than machine counted.

This is actually a discussion worth not having. It's simple - run each ballot through a tabulation machine, then hand it to the person for hand tabulation. The results can be compared - they should obviously match.

Even if only one of the choices is made by a state, this is not a problem. The source document of every vote is a paper ballot. If a machine interprets the voter's intent on the paper ballot, we record the MAC address of the machine that interpreted it. If a person interprets the voter's intent on the paper ballot, we record the SSN of the person who interpreted it. Machines and persons that are authorized to interpret paper ballots are pre-registered in the system.

After the voter votes they can open their Voter Account, look at their ballot image, compare it to how their ballot was interpreted, and report any discrepancies online.

Clever bad actors can sneak extra votes and change votes undetected.

Not anymore.

Election Integrity is built-in to the foundation of the system.

1. Each person, machine, precinct and ballot design is specifically authorized and built-out for each election
2. All authorizations are timestamped, the SSN of the authorizing person and the GPS location of the machine are recorded
3. No database entry is ever altered. A new record reflecting the addition/change/deletion is recorded to supersede the previous record. Auditors can follow the trail of changes rather than have entries mysteriously appear, then later disappear

How can we be so sure the election system is tamper-proof?

The secret, unlike current election systems, is accountability.

1. Under the proposed system we know exactly who set up each element of the election infrastructure, when they did it, where they did it, and on which machine they did it.
2. When the vote is taken we know exactly who voted, when they voted, where they voted, which poll worker accepted their vote, and which machine or person interpreted their intent.
3. The voter leaves the polling place with a written copy of how their vote was interpreted
4. As the voter exits the polling place they can use their cell phone to view their Voter Account showing the live vote they just cast (see example in Appendix/Voter Account above)
5. Later the voter can check their Voter Account to verify their vote has not subsequently been changed
6. Vote results are tallied by individual ballot, ballot batches, ballot boxes, ballot pallets, and final results. The intricacies of successfully tying out all the loose ends makes the crime impossible to pull off without detection.

Does the system have vulnerabilities?

Yes. The election system can be attacked, stopping the election. But undetected incorrect results cannot be successfully inserted.

Won't this system facilitate an unconstitutional Federal takeover of elections?

No. The election system is under the control of State Legislatures who must voluntarily agree to a federated, cooperative approach. Individual states can opt-out at any time.

Won't all states have to join the system before we have valid elections?

Preferably, yes - but we can still make progress a little at a time.

Here's how.

For Presidential elections if only the small number of "swing" states initially join, the outcome of the Presidential election can be assured. As we progressively drill down to Congressional, State and Local elections the more additional states that join the more accurately the Will of the People will be reflected by the representation elected to office.

• We often hear from the mainstream media that there is “no evidence” of election fraud in 2020. There are only only two ways that a person could reach this conclusion:
  1. The first is if the person has done due diligence, investigated, done a deep dive, listened to testimony of others, and had indeed found evidence that everything checks out and is in order.
  2. The second is simply if the person doesn’t look – hear no evil, see no evil.
  We should all agree that the first process is the correct process.
• A goal that is frequently expressed regarding election integrity, “make it easy to vote and hard to cheat” is very much like other significant challenges we have faced in our lifetimes:
  1. Right now, between 8,000 and 20,000 aircraft are in the air worldwide. Each year 4.5 billion passengers take 42 million flights. We all want air travel to be “easy to fly and hard to hijack”.

     To accomplish this goal the world has invested billions of dollars to inspect passengers and baggage, causing more than a little inconvenience, as bad actors get ever more sophisticated in carrying out their crimes.

  2. In 1982 a perpetrator placed poison in over-the-counter Tylenol® capsules then placed them back on the store shelf. The result was that 7 people died when they unknowingly consumed the medication to relieve cold symptoms before authorities recognized the cause ^[1].

     To prevent recurrence, the food and medical industry has spent billions of dollars implementing what are euphemistically called "quality" or "freshness" seals on vulnerable products. Despite sometimes being inconvenient to open, we all understand and support the need for these protections.

  3. Aircraft sometimes crash - fortunately very rarely. We all recognize that even one crash is too many.

     To prevent recurrence authorities - careful not to jump to conclusions, leave no stone unturned, and meticulously examine each cause - have identified human, weather, procedure, training, inspection, mechanical, electrical, software and other vulnerabilities whose causes have been eliminated. The result is air flights that we can trust to get us safely to our destination.

  As we review the “how” to accomplish the Election Integrity goal, we should all agree that we want an election system in which we can trust the result...

  ...as much as we want a travel system that we can trust to get us safely to our destination...
  ...as much as we want a food and medication system that we can trust the quality and purity of content...
  ...as much as we want the root causes of airplane crashes to be understood and meaningful corrective actions taken that will prevent recurrence

  Yes, there will be some inconvenience, but the preservation of our Republic is worth it.
• As much as we would like to believe that a high integrity election system would result in the Will of the People being reflected in the right candidates being elected who would carry out the Will of the People, the problem is - unfortunately - much more insidious. Here's an example:

  Congress votes to give Planned Parenthood millions in Family Planning grants and Medicare payments. Planned Parenthood PACs take part of that money and reinvest it in the political campaigns of politicians who supported abortion funding. Encouraged by the influx of campaign finances, which can mean the difference between election wins and losses, those politicians then return to Congress and vote for more funding to Planned Parenthood (and by extension, their own campaign coffers) ^[2].

  Our great Nation, freest in the World, is still filled with selfish, greedy, controlling (aka "the swamp") creatures that regularly find self-serving schemes that reject the Will of the People. Do your part to recognize the issues, and elect those people out-of-office.